Prussian Partition

The period of Prussian rule over territories taken from the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the late eighteenth-century partitions and their aftermath.

Partitions of Poland: Three territorial divisions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by Russia, Prussia, and Austria between 1772 and 1795. The Prussian Partition was one national share of these successive divisions.
Frederick II of Prussia: King of Prussia from 1740 to 1786, known as Frederick the Great. He directed Prussia’s first partition and early policies in annexed Polish lands.
Kościuszko Uprising: A 1794 Polish–Lithuanian revolt led by Tadeusz Kościuszko against Russian and Prussian rule. Its defeat accelerated the final partition and ended hopes of preserving the Commonwealth.
West Prussia: A Prussian province formed from territories acquired during the first partition of Poland. It became a central administrative region of Prussia’s partitioned Polish lands.
First Partition of Poland: The 1772 division of Commonwealth territory among Prussia, Russia, and Austria. It began Prussia’s acquisition of Polish–Lithuanian lands.
Frederick William II of Prussia: King of Prussia from 1786 to 1797 who ruled during the second and third partitions. His reign saw the largest expansion of Prussian rule over Polish territories.
Grand Duchy of Warsaw: A Polish state established by Napoleon in 1807 from lands taken from Prussia and other powers. It briefly restored Polish statehood across territory formerly held by Prussia.
Posen Province: A Prussian province centered on Poznań, established in 1848 from the Grand Duchy of Posen. Its Polish population and German settlement policies made it a focal point of national tensions.
Second Partition of Poland: The 1793 division of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth between Prussia and Russia. It brought much of Greater Poland under Prussian control.
South Prussia: A Prussian province created from territories acquired in the second and third partitions of Poland. It organized much of the newly annexed central Polish territory.

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