Republican People's Party

The Republican People's Party (CHP) is a Turkish political party founded in 1923 by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. It governed as the early republic’s principal party and remains a major party in Turkish politics.

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk: The Turkish military officer and statesman who led the Turkish War of Independence and founded the republic. He founded the party in 1923 and shaped its early leadership and program.
Kemalism: The political principles associated with Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and the founding of the Turkish Republic. The party adopted and promoted these principles as its founding ideological framework.
Democrat Party (Turkey): A Turkish political party that governed from 1950 to 1960 after defeating the CHP in a national election. Its 1950 victory ended the CHP’s uninterrupted hold on national government.
Justice and Development Party: A Turkish political party founded in 2001 that has led national governments for much of the twenty-first century. It is the CHP’s leading contemporary rival and represents a different political coalition.
Committee of Union and Progress: A political organization that dominated Ottoman government from 1908 until the empire’s defeat in World War I. Many early republican leaders had political experience in this late Ottoman movement.
Six Arrows: The six principles of Kemalism: republicanism, nationalism, populism, statism, secularism, and reformism. These principles became the party’s formal ideological emblem and program.
1946 Turkish general election: Turkey’s first multiparty general election, held under conditions that favored the ruling party. It marked the opening of competitive party politics while the CHP remained in power.
Nationalist Movement Party: A Turkish political party founded in 1969 that promotes Turkish nationalism and conservatism. Its nationalist politics differ from the CHP’s republican social-democratic platform.
Turkish War of Independence: The conflict from 1919 to 1923 that secured the establishment of an independent Turkish state. The nationalist movement that won the war became the party’s founding political base.
One-party state: A political system in which one party holds government power without meaningful competition from other parties. The CHP governed Turkey without sustained multiparty competition from 1925 to 1945.

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