Sin

In Christian theology, sin is an act, condition, or power opposed to God's will. It damages the relationship between God and humanity and shapes accounts of moral failure, guilt, and redemption.

The Fall of Man: The biblical account of Adam and Eve’s disobedience and expulsion from Eden. It supplies the foundational narrative of human disobedience in many Christian doctrines of sin.
Original sin: The doctrine that humanity inherits a condition of sinfulness or its consequences from the first human disobedience. It names the inherited dimension of sin in influential Christian traditions.
Pelagianism: A theological position associated with Pelagius that emphasizes human moral ability and rejects inherited original guilt. Its dispute with Augustine helped define Christian debates about inherited sin and grace.
Confession: The acknowledgment of wrongdoing before God or another person, often within a religious rite. Confession makes recognition of sin part of a practice of seeking forgiveness.
Salvation: Deliverance from sin and its consequences, and restoration to life with God in Christian theology. It is the broader outcome Christian doctrines of sin make necessary.
Free will: The capacity to choose among actions or intentions, often treated as a condition of moral responsibility. Theories of sin ask how human choices can be culpable under divine sovereignty.
Temptation: An inducement or enticement to choose an action regarded as wrong. Temptation describes a common path by which desire becomes sinful action.
Augustinianism: A Christian theological tradition shaped by Augustine’s teachings on grace, human weakness, and original sin. It offers a formative alternative to accounts that give unaided human will greater power over sin.
Absolution: A declaration or assurance of forgiveness for sin, especially in sacramental settings. It expresses the ecclesial assurance that confessed sin is forgiven.
Grace: God’s freely given favor and enabling presence, understood as essential to salvation in Christianity. Grace answers the inability of sinners to restore themselves fully to God.

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