Tidal bore

A moving surge of seawater that travels upriver when an incoming tide enters a river or estuary. It can form a breaking front and produce a rapid rise in water level.

Tidal range: The vertical difference between high tide and the following low tide. A large tidal range supplies the water-level change that can drive a bore upriver.
Qiantang River tidal bore: A powerful tidal bore on China’s Qiantang River, especially prominent near Hangzhou Bay. Its funnel-shaped bay and large tides produce one of the world’s most famous bores.
Tidal bore surfing: The sport of riding a tidal bore as it travels upriver. Surfers use the bore’s sustained moving front to ride unusually long river waves.
Tsunami: A long ocean wave generated by sudden displacement of water, commonly from an earthquake. A tsunami is generated by a disturbance, while a tidal bore is driven by the incoming tide.
Estuary: A coastal water body where river freshwater mixes with seawater. Bores form as tidal water advances through funnel-shaped estuaries.
Severn bore: A tidal bore that travels up the River Severn in western England. The Severn’s tidal range and narrowing channel create a regular bore.
Tidal power: Electricity generated by harnessing the periodic movement of tides. Bore-producing tides are one part of the broader resource considered for tidal energy.
Storm surge: An abnormal rise in coastal water level caused mainly by a storm’s winds and low pressure. Storm surge raises coastal water levels without producing the tide-driven upriver front characteristic of a bore.
Shallow-water equations: Equations describing fluid motion when horizontal scales greatly exceed water depth. They model the changing depth and flow that shape a bore’s advancing front.
Amazon River tidal bore: A tidal bore on the Amazon River, locally known as the pororoca. The Amazon’s bore shows that a vast river can still admit an advancing tidal front.

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