Knowra Vagina Vagina The vagina is an expandable muscular canal extending from the cervix to the vulva. It forms part of the reproductive tract and serves as the birth canal and a route for menstrual flow.
Vulva : The external female genital structures, including the labia, clitoris, and openings of the urethra and vagina. The vagina opens into this external group of genital structures.
Vaginal epithelium : The non-keratinized stratified squamous cell layer lining most of the vagina. Its cells respond to estrogen and help protect the vaginal surface.
Vaginal delivery : Childbirth in which the baby passes through the vagina and exits the body through the vulva. The vagina becomes the birth canal during this mode of delivery.
Urethra : The tube that carries urine from the bladder to an opening outside the body. Its opening is in the vulva, separate from the vaginal opening.
Vaginitis : Inflammation or irritation of the vagina, with causes that include infections and noninfectious conditions. It can alter vaginal comfort, discharge, and tissue appearance.
Cervix : The lower, narrow portion of the uterus that opens into the vagina. The vagina extends upward to this opening of the uterus.
Vaginal microbiota : The community of microorganisms living in the vagina, commonly including Lactobacillus species. Microbial communities shape vaginal acidity and influence resistance to some infections.
Menstruation : The periodic shedding of the uterine lining, with blood and tissue leaving the body through the vagina. Menstrual flow passes through the vaginal canal on its way out.
Rectum : The final section of the large intestine, where stool is stored before elimination. It lies behind the vagina but is a distinct digestive structure.
Bacterial vaginosis : A vaginal condition associated with changes in the balance of vaginal bacteria. It is a common cause of altered discharge and vaginal odor.
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