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The 154 pages that link to Antimicrobial resistance, each with the reason it gives.

• Potassium sorbateRelated: Some microbes tolerate preservatives, so sorbate does not prevent every spoilage event.

• Ada YonathRelated: Ribosome structures help explain mutations that weaken antibiotic binding.

• CeftazidimeNarrower topic: Resistance can erase ceftazidime’s activity and constrain its use against serious infections.

• CiprofloxacinRelated: Target mutations and drug-efflux changes can reduce ciprofloxacin susceptibility.

• Corynebacterium diphtheriaeCompared with: Antibiotics clear the organism, but preventing toxin injury still requires antitoxin and supportive care.

• Crystal violetRelated: Crystal violet has antimicrobial activity, but it is not a substitute for treating resistant infections with effective medicines.

• EthambutolNarrower topic: Using ethambutol alongside other active drugs helps limit selection for resistant tuberculosis bacteria.

• Klebsiella pneumoniaeNarrower topic: Drug resistance can make infections caused by this bacterium difficult to treat.

• Medical microbiologyRelated: Resistance surveillance shapes both laboratory interpretation and treatment policy.

• MupirocinNarrower topic: Mupirocin resistance is one instance of this broader clinical problem.

• NitrofurantoinRelated: Nitrofurantoin resistance remains comparatively uncommon in many settings but can still affect treatment choice.

• Peracetic acidCompared with: Its broad oxidative action differs from targeted antibiotics, though use still requires validated concentrations and contact times.

• Pig farmingRelated: Antimicrobial use in livestock can contribute to resistance and its spread.

• PyrimethamineNarrower topic: Resistance mutations can reduce parasite susceptibility to pyrimethamine.

• SewageRelated: Sewage can carry resistant bacteria and resistance genes into the environment.

• ThymolRelated: Thymol’s membrane-disrupting action is studied as a possible complement to conventional antimicrobial agents.

• Animal scienceRelated: Antimicrobial use in animal systems is one factor in managing resistance across human, animal, and environmental health.

• Antibiotic use in livestockNarrower topic: Repeated antibiotic exposure in animals selects for this broader public-health problem.

• CarvacrolRelated: Carvacrol’s distinct membrane effects are studied as a possible complement to conventional antimicrobials.

• ClarithromycinNarrower topic: Widespread macrolide resistance has reduced clarithromycin’s reliability for some infections.

• MycobacteriumNarrower topic: Resistance across mycobacterial species complicates treatment and surveillance.

• Skin infectionRelated: Resistance can make bacterial skin infections harder to treat.

• Tetracycline antibioticsNarrower topic: Resistance has reduced the reliability of tetracyclines against many bacterial strains.

• TriclosanRelated: Mutations in FabI and other adaptations can reduce bacterial susceptibility to triclosan.

• WHO Model List of Essential MedicinesRelated: Antibiotic selections must balance access to treatment with stewardship against resistance.

• AmikacinNarrower topic: Amikacin's usefulness depends on preserving its activity as resistant bacteria spread.

• BenzylpenicillinNarrower topic: Resistance mechanisms explain why susceptible bacteria are essential to benzylpenicillin treatment.

• Gerhard DomagkRelated: Resistance to sulfonamides emerged as their use expanded after Domagk’s discovery.

• Intensive farmingRelated: Routine antimicrobial use in some livestock systems can select for resistant microorganisms.

• MedicineRelated: Overuse and misuse of antimicrobial medicines can accelerate resistance.

• Staphylococcal infectionRelated: Resistance is a major factor shaping staphylococcal infection treatment.

• TherapeuticsRelated: Inappropriate or excessive antimicrobial use can make future infections harder to treat.

• TigecyclineNarrower topic: Tigecycline was developed partly to address tetracycline resistance, but resistance can also emerge to it.

• 4-Aminosalicylic acidNarrower topic: Resistance to tuberculosis drugs creates the need for reserve agents such as PAS.

• AntiparasiticRelated: Resistance can make established antiparasitic drugs less effective.

• CloxacillinNarrower topic: Resistance mechanisms such as altered targets limit cloxacillin’s usefulness.

• Diagnostic microbiologyRelated: Detecting resistance reliably and quickly remains essential as resistant pathogens spread.

• Medical scienceRelated: Research tracks resistance and guides effective antimicrobial use.

• Neomycin/polymyxin B/bacitracinRelated: Unnecessary or prolonged antibiotic use can select for resistant bacteria.

• OxytetracyclineNarrower topic: Oxytetracycline use can select resistant bacteria in treated hosts and their environments.

• Pathogenic bacteriaRelated: Resistance can make infections caused by pathogenic bacteria harder to treat.

• Pathogenic Escherichia coliRelated: Resistance affects treatment choices for pathogenic E. coli infections, especially outside the gut.

• PhenoxymethylpenicillinRelated: Resistance can arise through beta-lactamase production or altered drug targets.

• Vesicoureteral refluxRelated: Preventive antibiotics may reduce infections while selecting resistant bacteria.

• Animal diseasesRelated: Treatment of animal infections can select for resistance with consequences beyond veterinary care.

• Antibiotic sensitivity testingRelated: Testing detects resistance phenotypes that can limit treatment options.

• ArsphenamineCompared with: Treatment failures with arsphenamine could arise from inadequate dosing or reinfection, unlike resistance as a distinct microbial trait.

• Breakthrough infectionRelated: Resistance can defeat antimicrobial prophylaxis even when it is taken as intended.

• CycloserineRelated: Resistance has shaped cycloserine’s modern use as a reserve tuberculosis drug.

• Infectious diseases (medical specialty)Related: Resistance changes which treatments remain effective and shapes stewardship decisions.