Linked from

The 15 pages that link to Caesarean section, each with the reason it gives.

• Spinal anesthesiaRelated: Spinal anesthesia is commonly used to provide surgical anesthesia for planned and urgent cesarean delivery.

• ChildbirthCompared with: It delivers the baby without passage through the vagina when surgery is chosen or needed.

• Gestational diabetesRelated: Excessive fetal growth and other complications can affect delivery planning and the likelihood of cesarean birth.

• Multiple pregnancyRelated: Fetal positions and other pregnancy factors can make cesarean delivery appropriate for multiples.

• Obstetric fistulaRelated: When obstruction cannot be resolved safely, timely cesarean delivery can prevent ongoing pelvic compression.

• SurgeryBroader topic: It provides an alternative to vaginal birth when clinically indicated.

• ObstetricsCompared with: It is an alternative to vaginal birth when surgery is indicated or chosen.

• Epidural anesthesiaRelated: An epidural may be extended to provide anesthesia for cesarean surgery.

• Neonatal herpesRelated: When genital lesions or prodromal symptoms are present at labor, cesarean delivery can reduce exposure during birth.

• Breech birthCompared with: It is a common planned alternative to vaginal breech birth, depending on clinical circumstances.

• Multiple birthRelated: Fetal presentation and maternal or fetal complications can influence delivery method.

• Postterm pregnancyCompared with: It may be needed for obstetric indications, but postterm pregnancy alone does not mandate it.

• Ephraim McDowellCompared with: Like ovariotomy, it opened the abdomen, but served a distinct obstetric purpose and had different risks.

• History of reproductionBroader topic: Its changing safety and use transformed childbirth outcomes.

• Louise BoursierRelated: Its historical use highlights the high stakes of difficult births in Boursier’s era.