Linked from

The 34 pages that link to Caliphate, each with the reason it gives.

• First FitnaNarrower topic: Competing claims to this office lay at the heart of the conflict.

• Abu BakrNarrower topic: Abu Bakr’s office became an early model in later debates about Islamic political authority.

• Abbasid RevolutionNarrower topic: The revolution transferred this office from one ruling dynasty to another.

• Ali ibn Abi TalibNarrower topic: Ali’s rule is counted as a caliphate in Sunni accounts, though traditions differ on its legitimacy and meaning.

• Ali ibn Abi TalibNarrower topic: Ali ruled as the fourth caliph, though traditions differ on the meaning of that office.

• Almohad CaliphateNarrower topic: The Almohad ruler claimed caliphal authority, not merely regional kingship.

• Sokoto CaliphateNarrower topic: The Sokoto state organized its political authority around a caliph.

• Succession to MuhammadNarrower topic: The dispute concerned who could legitimately hold this office.

• ShuraNarrower topic: Shura has often been discussed as a principle for selecting or advising caliphs.

• Abd Allah ibn al-ZubayrNarrower topic: His revolt contested who held the caliphate after the early community’s succession disputes.

• SaqifahNarrower topic: Saqifah established the first caliphate succession after Muhammad.

• Abd al-Rahman IIINarrower topic: His title asserted a claim to leadership beyond the Iberian peninsula.

• Early Muslim communityNarrower topic: The early community’s political succession became the prototype for later caliphates.

• Leo III the IsaurianNarrower topic: The Umayyad power Leo resisted was one instance of this broader political institution.

• Abolition of the Ottoman caliphateNarrower topic: The law abolished the Ottoman-held form of this institution, not the idea everywhere.

• Ottoman CaliphateNarrower topic: The Ottoman institution was one historically specific claim within the broader history of caliphates.

• Hizb ut-TahrirNarrower topic: The organization’s central political goal is to restore this form of rule.

• History of IslamNarrower topic: Caliphal rule linked political authority to the expanding Muslim community.