Linked from

The 34 pages that link to Caliphate, each with the reason it gives.

• Pan-IslamismRelated: Proposals for unified Muslim leadership have often centered on restoring or reimagining this institution.

• Bay'ahRelated: Bay'ah has historically been used to recognize a caliph's authority.

• KharijitesRelated: Kharijite debates centered on who could legitimately hold this authority.

• UmmahRelated: The caliphate historically presented itself as political leadership of the ummah.

• EmirateRelated: Emirs often governed provinces or territories within caliphates.

• SultanRelated: Sultans often held temporal power alongside caliphs, whose claims centered on broader religious and communal leadership.

• Ottoman–Safavid relationsRelated: Ottoman claims to caliphal authority sharpened competition over leadership of the wider Muslim world.

• Abolition of the Ottoman sultanateRelated: The assembly treated the caliphate as separable from the sultanate and left it temporarily intact.

• Rashid RidaRelated: Rida’s post-1924 writings proposed a reformed caliphate as a source of Muslim political unity.

• Abu Bakr al-BaghdadiRelated: His 2014 declaration presented the Islamic State as a restored caliphate.

• Sunni–Shia relationsRelated: Historical claims to the caliphate shaped rival accounts of legitimate rule and communal authority.

• IbadismRelated: Early disputes over legitimate leadership formed part of the setting in which Ibadism emerged.