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The 90 pages that link to Charles de Gaulle, each with the reason it gives.

• Battle of FranceRelated: The defeat launched his call from London to continue resistance against Germany.

• French AlgeriaRelated: His shift toward self-determination helped make independence possible.

• French Mandate for Syria and the LebanonRelated: His wartime government negotiated the transition toward Syrian and Lebanese independence.

• Konrad AdenauerRelated: His partnership with Adenauer culminated in a treaty of cooperation between France and West Germany.

• French Fifth RepublicRelated: De Gaulle returned to power in 1958 and shaped the new constitutional system.

• German occupation of FranceRelated: He challenged Vichy's legitimacy and organized an alternative French authority.

• Tehran ConferenceCompared with: He was excluded from Tehran, illustrating the conference's restriction of high-level decisions to the three great powers.

• French Fourth RepublicRelated: He resigned from the provisional government in 1946 over the proposed parliamentary system, then returned during the 1958 crisis.

• President of FranceRelated: He shaped the modern presidency and its strong executive character.

• George C. MarshallCompared with: Marshall's multilateral grant-making met its sternest European test in de Gaulle's insistence on French rank.

• Free FranceBroader topic: His leadership gave the scattered resistance movement a political center and public voice.

• French UnionRelated: His wartime leadership influenced the constitutional transition that established the Union.

• Philippe PétainCompared with: De Gaulle rejected Pétain’s authority and continued the war from abroad.

• Algerian independenceRelated: His government accepted self-determination and negotiated the end of French rule.

• Casablanca ConferenceRelated: His rivalry with Henri Giraud over leadership of French forces surfaced during the conference.

• Armistice of 22 June 1940Related: His appeal of 18 June urged continued resistance as the armistice was being negotiated.

• Jean MonnetCompared with: De Gaulle’s intergovernmental approach conflicted with Monnet’s support for shared institutions.

• BonapartismRelated: His direct appeals to the nation and strong presidency prompted comparisons with Bonapartist leadership.

• Josephine BakerRelated: De Gaulle’s government recognized Baker’s wartime service with the Croix de Guerre.

• Liberation of ParisRelated: His return to Paris asserted that France had liberated itself and remained sovereign.

• Battle of AlgiersRelated: His return to power followed the crisis intensified by the war in Algeria.

• Félix Houphouët-BoignyRelated: Houphouët-Boigny negotiated Côte d’Ivoire’s transition to independence with de Gaulle’s government.

• French CommunityRelated: He proposed the Community as part of France’s 1958 constitutional settlement.

• French Constitution of 1958Related: De Gaulle shaped the constitution’s strong executive and presented its adoption to voters.

• Jacques ChiracNarrower topic: Chirac entered politics in the Gaullist movement built around de Gaulle’s legacy.

• Robert SchumanCompared with: De Gaulle’s approach to Europe contrasted with Schuman’s support for shared institutions.

• Evian AccordsRelated: As French president, de Gaulle authorized the negotiations and accepted their outcome.

• Harold MacmillanRelated: De Gaulle’s opposition blocked Macmillan’s attempt to bring Britain into the European Economic Community.

• Alsace-LorraineRelated: His birthplace, Lille, illustrates the region’s place in French national memory.

• French LiberationRelated: He pressed for French forces and institutions to take a central role in liberation.

• GaullismRelated: His wartime leadership and presidency supplied Gaullism’s central model of national authority.

• Jean MoulinRelated: De Gaulle sent Moulin back to France to coordinate resistance movements on his behalf.

• Pierre Mendès FranceRelated: De Gaulle’s return to power marked the end of the parliamentary system Mendès France served.

• Syrian independenceRelated: His government faced Allied pressure to end French control in the Levant.

• André MalrauxRelated: De Gaulle appointed Malraux France’s first minister of cultural affairs in 1959.

• Ferhat AbbasRelated: His government negotiated Algerian self-determination with the provisional government Abbas headed.

• French presidential electionRelated: His constitutional reforms made the presidency central to the new political system.

• May 1958 crisisRelated: His return to government was the crisis’s decisive political outcome.

• Mohammed V of MoroccoRelated: His government negotiated with Mohammed V as French control ended.

• Fall of FranceRelated: From London, he rejected the armistice and called on French forces to continue the war.

• Franco-German reconciliationRelated: His partnership with Adenauer culminated in the Élysée Treaty.

• Free French ForcesRelated: His 18 June 1940 appeal called for continued resistance and anchored the movement’s leadership.

• French Legion of HonourRelated: He received the Grand Cross and later served as the order’s grand master as president.

• Battle of Kasserine PassCompared with: French forces fought in Tunisia, but de Gaulle was not a battlefield commander at Kasserine.

• FrançafriqueRelated: His government sought to preserve strategic ties with newly independent African states.

• French Council of MinistersRelated: His constitutional settlement gave the presidency a prominent place in council proceedings.

• Malagasy independenceRelated: His constitutional reforms opened the path to autonomy and independence for Madagascar.

• Allies of World War IIRelated: Free French forces joined the coalition despite France’s 1940 defeat and divided government.

• Central African Republic independenceRelated: His 1958 constitutional policy offered colonies a choice of autonomy or continued French rule.

• François MauriacRelated: Mauriac’s political journalism engaged with de Gaulle and France’s postwar public life.