Linked from

The 16 pages that link to Charles IV of Spain, each with the reason it gives.

• Peninsular WarRelated: His dynastic crisis and abdication helped Napoleon seize control of the Spanish crown.

• Bourbon ReformsRelated: His reign carried forward reforms amid mounting fiscal pressures and political instability.

• Charles III of SpainCompared with: His reign followed his father’s and confronted a rapidly changing revolutionary Europe.

• Joseph BonaparteRelated: His abdication helped create the dynastic crisis Napoleon exploited to place Joseph on Spain’s throne.

• Francisco GoyaRelated: Goya’s access to the monarch’s household produced major royal portraits.

• Treaty of Fontainebleau (1807)Related: His government authorized the treaty and allowed French troops into Spain.

• Bayonne AbdicationsRelated: His renunciation at Bayonne surrendered his claim to the Spanish throne.

• Ferdinand VIIRelated: His abdication at Bayonne transferred the crown to Ferdinand before Napoleon intervened.

• Dos de Mayo UprisingRelated: His abdication was part of the dynastic crisis unfolding during the occupation.

• Manuel GodoyRelated: Godoy’s career depended on Charles IV’s confidence and royal patronage.

• The Third of May 1808Related: The abdications of Charles IV and his son opened the way for Napoleon’s control of Spain.

• Pragmatic Sanction of 1830Related: His 1789 decision to repeal the Salic Law became central to the dispute over the 1830 decree.

• Museo del PradoRelated: The royal collections grew under his court, supplying works that later entered the museum.

• War of the OrangesRelated: His government committed Spain to the invasion alongside France.

• Eugenio EspejoCompared with: Royal authority represented the imperial order against which colonial reformers pressed.

• La maja desnudaRelated: Goya painted at the royal court during Charles IV’s reign, the period associated with the work.