Linked from

The 42 pages that link to Crimes against humanity, each with the reason it gives.

• Nuremberg TrialsBroader topic: The tribunal charged Nazi leaders with atrocities against civilians.

• War crimeCompared with: Unlike war crimes, crimes against humanity do not require a connection to armed conflict.

• GenocideCompared with: Unlike genocide, this crime does not require intent to destroy a protected group.

• Genocide ConventionCompared with: Unlike genocide, this crime does not require intent to destroy a protected group.

• Universal jurisdictionRelated: Their customary-law basis for universal jurisdiction remains contested in some national courts.

• Ethnic cleansingNarrower topic: Ethnic-cleansing acts may constitute crimes against humanity when legal elements are met.

• Nuremberg principlesBroader topic: Nuremberg established individual liability for atrocities against civilians, subject to the Charter’s conditions.

• International criminal lawBroader topic: This offense addresses organized attacks on civilians, even without an armed-conflict link.

• International Military TribunalRelated: The tribunal applied this charge to atrocities committed against civilian populations.

• Japanese war crimesRelated: Some Japanese wartime conduct fits this category as well as conventional war crimes.

• Rome StatuteBroader topic: The Statute defines these crimes independently of whether an armed conflict exists.

• Nuremberg CharterBroader topic: The Charter gave this category a central place in the prosecution of Nazi leaders.

• Crime against peaceCompared with: Unlike this charge, crimes against humanity target attacks on civilians rather than aggressive war-making.

• Crime of aggressionCompared with: Unlike aggression, this crime does not require an unlawful interstate use of force.

• Darfur genocideRelated: These crimes were charged in Darfur cases even as genocide classification remained contested.

• Genocide recognitionCompared with: This crime does not require proof of intent to destroy a protected group, unlike genocide.

• Raphael LemkinCompared with: This related legal category protects individuals and populations without requiring intent to destroy a protected group.

• Genocidal intentCompared with: They do not require a purpose to destroy a protected group.

• Genocide studiesCompared with: Comparing this broader crime clarifies what genocide’s group-destruction criterion adds.

• Xinjiang internment campsRelated: Legal assessments have considered whether abuses associated with detention meet this definition.

• Concentration campRelated: Mass detention and persecution in camps can form part of such attacks.

• Hans FrankRelated: Frank was convicted of this offense for atrocities committed in occupied Poland.

• Nuon CheaNarrower topic: Nuon Chea’s convictions included these crimes for persecution, forced transfers, and other atrocities.

• War crimes trialsCompared with: These crimes can be prosecuted alongside war crimes but do not require a connection to armed conflict.

• War of aggressionCompared with: This crime can occur regardless of whether a war was lawfully initiated.

• Arthur Seyss-InquartRelated: The tribunal convicted Seyss-Inquart of crimes against humanity for occupation-era persecution and deportations.

• Class A war crimesNarrower topic: This neighboring tribunal category was distinct from crimes against peace.

• Einsatzgruppen TrialRelated: The prosecution used this charge to address systematic killings of civilians.

• Judgment at NurembergNarrower topic: The charge links individual courtroom decisions to organized persecution.

• Nuremberg executionsRelated: Convictions for crimes against humanity helped justify the tribunal's sentences.

• East Timor genocideCompared with: This category can describe mass abuses without proving intent to destroy a protected group.

• Ernst KaltenbrunnerRelated: The tribunal convicted Kaltenbrunner of crimes against humanity.

• Julius StreicherRelated: The tribunal treated Streicher’s sustained incitement as persecution connected to Nazi crimes.

• Klaus BarbieNarrower topic: This legal category enabled Barbie’s prosecution for persecution and deportation.

• Geoffrey LawrenceRelated: The tribunal’s rulings under Lawrence helped define how this charge applied to individuals.

• Kang Kek IewRelated: Duch was convicted of crimes against humanity committed through the S-21 system.

• Baldur von SchirachRelated: This was the crime for which Schirach was convicted at Nuremberg.

• Ben FerenczRelated: The Einsatzgruppen charges addressed the organized murder of civilians on a vast scale.

• Crime of apartheidNarrower topic: Apartheid is prosecuted as a crime against humanity under the Rome Statute.

• Genocidal rapeCompared with: Sexual violence may be a crime against humanity without proof of genocidal intent.

• Persecution of Uyghurs in ChinaRelated: The UN human rights office assessed that abuses in Xinjiang may meet this threshold.

• Slobodan PraljakRelated: The tribunal also convicted Praljak of crimes against humanity.