Linked from

The 105 pages that link to Gondwana, each with the reason it gives.

• BiogeographyRelated: Its breakup scattered shared ancestries across South America, Africa, Australia, and Antarctica.

• PangaeaRelated: Pangaea's southern half, whose breakup scattered matching fossils and rocks across southern seas.

• MarsupialRelated: Its breakup shaped the geographic history of several marsupial lineages.

• Continental driftRelated: Fossil and rock matches across Gondwana's fragments were drift's strongest evidence.

• Tethys OceanRelated: Gondwana formed Tethys's southern margin through much of its history.

• PaleobiogeographyRelated: Its breakup reshaped the ranges and later isolation of southern organisms.

• PaleogeographyBroader topic: Its changing extent and position shaped southern-hemisphere geography across hundreds of millions of years.

• Arabian PlateNarrower topic: Arabia’s ancient crust formed within this southern supercontinent.

• Alfred WegenerRelated: Wegener assembled Gondwana's matches across continents as his strongest case for drift.

• African PlateNarrower topic: Africa and its adjoining lithosphere were part of this larger landmass before it fragmented.

• Guiana ShieldRelated: The shield’s crust later became part of Gondwana as continents assembled.

• Indian subcontinentRelated: The Indian landmass separated from Gondwana before drifting north toward Eurasia.

• Indian PlateNarrower topic: The Indian Plate began its independent journey as Gondwana broke apart.

• RodiniaCompared with: Gondwana’s assembly followed Rodinia’s breakup and involved some of the same continental blocks.

• Alpine orogenyNarrower topic: Africa's earlier position within Gondwana frames the plate motions preceding Alpine convergence.

• Drake PassageNarrower topic: Its breakup separated South America from Antarctica and opened the region of the passage.

• Indo-Australian plateNarrower topic: India and Australia inherited their continental foundations from this supercontinent.

• OrdovicianRelated: Its position over the South Pole made Gondwana central to late Ordovician glaciation.

• Late JurassicRelated: Its land areas hosted distinctive southern Late Jurassic ecosystems.

• LaurasiaCompared with: It was the southern counterpart to Laurasia during Pangaea’s breakup.

• Australian PlateNarrower topic: Australia’s crust formed as part of Gondwana before continental breakup.

• Great Rift ValleyRelated: Its breakup established the plate boundaries later reshaped by African rifting.

• Karoo SupergroupNarrower topic: The rocks formed within Gondwana’s interior before the supercontinent fragmented.

• LemurNarrower topic: Madagascar’s geological past begins with its position in this supercontinent.

• South American PlateBroader topic: South America’s continental crust was once joined to Africa within Gondwana.

• AfrotheriaNarrower topic: Gondwanan history provides context for hypotheses about early Afrotherian diversification.

• Iapetus OceanNarrower topic: Avalonia and other fragments originated along Gondwana’s northern margin.

• Supercontinent cycleRelated: Its assembly at about 550 million years ago completed Pangaea's precursor patchwork.

• GlossopterisNarrower topic: Glossopteris fossils occur across the landmasses that once formed this continent.

• Himalayan orogenyNarrower topic: India separated from Gondwana before moving rapidly north toward Eurasia.

• LystrosaurusNarrower topic: Its connected landmasses help explain the genus’s fossils on continents now far apart.

• Antarctic PlateNarrower topic: The Antarctic Plate inherited its continental foundation from Gondwana’s southern landmass.

• Cape Floristic RegionNarrower topic: The region’s deep plant history includes lineages with ancient Gondwanan connections.

• Great Dividing RangeRelated: The range’s rocks and landforms developed on the eastern margin of Australia after Gondwana’s breakup.

• Appalachian orogenyRelated: A portion of Gondwana collided with Laurentia during the Alleghanian phase.

• RatiteRelated: Ratite distributions once suggested their ancestors were carried apart as Gondwana broke up.

• AmericasRelated: South America was once joined to the other continents of Gondwana.

• Andean orogenyNarrower topic: The Andean margin formed along the western edge of South America as part of Gondwana.

• AvaloniaRelated: Avalonia rifted from Gondwana’s northern margin during the Paleozoic.

• BalticaCompared with: Baltica assembled and traveled independently before later joining this supercontinent’s northern neighbors.

• Karoo BasinNarrower topic: The basin formed within Gondwana and records conditions across its southern interior.

• Tasman SeaNarrower topic: The basin’s formation followed the breakup of Gondwana.

• TuataraRelated: Tuatara’s deep evolutionary history is often considered alongside New Zealand’s separation from Gondwana.

• AmborellaRelated: Its breakup shaped the region’s geological history, though Amborella’s lineage is much older than the islands’ current geography.

• SauropodomorphaRelated: Sauropodomorph fossils across former Gondwanan continents help reconstruct the lineage's geographic history.

• Alleghanian orogenyRelated: Its approach to Laurentia supplied the continental collision behind the orogeny.

• PannotiaBroader topic: Several reconstructions place major Gondwanan landmasses within Pannotia.

• Spectral musicBroader topic: Its transformations make spectral timbre and harmony audible across a large-scale form.

• Transantarctic MountainsNarrower topic: The range’s geological record formed while Antarctica was part of this supercontinent.

• Variscan orogenyNarrower topic: Many Variscan terranes originated along Gondwana's northern margin.