Linked from

The 86 pages that link to Horizontal gene transfer, each with the reason it gives.

• PhylogeneticsRelated: It can make a gene's history differ from the evolutionary history of its host species.

• Molecular phylogeneticsRelated: Transferred genes can produce histories that differ from the organismal tree.

• Antimicrobial resistanceRelated: Bacteria can acquire resistance genes from other bacteria through this process.

• AntibioticRelated: Bacteria can spread resistance genes across strains and species through gene transfer.

• Antibiotic resistanceRelated: Bacteria can acquire resistance genes from other cells this way.

• BiofilmRelated: Close cell contact in biofilms can facilitate exchange of genetic material.

• Evolutionary biologyRelated: It complicates evolutionary histories, especially among microbes, by sharing genes across lineages.

• Mitochondrial DNARelated: Gene transfer from ancestral mitochondria to the nucleus helped shrink the mitochondrial genome.

• LichenRelated: Researchers investigate whether gene exchange contributes to adaptation in lichen-associated communities.

• Phylogenetic treeRelated: Transferred genes can create histories that do not fit a single species tree.

• Gram-positive bacteriaRelated: Resistance genes can spread among Gram-positive species through mobile genetic elements.

• MicrobiomeRelated: It can spread traits, including antibiotic resistance, among community members.

• MetagenomicsRelated: Shared genes may reflect transfer among community members rather than close ancestry.

• SymbiosisRelated: Gene exchange can shape the evolution of associated microbes and hosts.

• 16S ribosomal RNARelated: It can complicate the assumption that a marker gene always follows organismal ancestry.

• Beta-lactamaseRelated: Transfer of beta-lactamase genes can spread resistance beyond bacterial descendants.

• Penicillin-binding proteinsRelated: Transfer of resistance genes can spread altered penicillin-binding proteins among bacteria.

• Species DelimitationRelated: It complicates lineage-based boundaries, particularly in microbes where genes cross distant lineages.

• Comparative genomicsRelated: Transferred genes can make genome similarity misleading as evidence of shared ancestry.

• Microbial ecologyRelated: Gene exchange can rapidly spread traits among interacting microbes in an environment.

• Drug resistanceRelated: Bacteria can acquire resistance genes from other bacteria, including across species.

• PhylogenomicsRelated: Transferred genes can give a genome a history that conflicts with organismal descent.

• MicroorganismRelated: It helps explain how microbial traits can spread rapidly across lineages.

• ProkaryoteRelated: Prokaryotes can acquire genes from unrelated cells, rapidly changing their traits.

• Species complexRelated: It can make microbial genomes disagree with classifications based on vertical ancestry.

• Species problemRelated: It complicates lineage-based species boundaries, especially among microbes.

• Fungal taxonomyRelated: Transferred genes can complicate evolutionary signals used to place some fungi.

• Secondary endosymbiosisRelated: Transferred genes can blur the evolutionary signals used to infer endosymbiosis.

• Lynn MargulisRelated: Gene transfer from organelles to nuclei is one consequence of long-term endosymbiosis.

• Carl WoeseRelated: Gene exchange complicates the clean branching tree that Woese’s classification helped popularize.

• Last universal common ancestorRelated: Gene exchange among early microbes can blur the branching history used to infer LUCA.

• SynapomorphyRelated: Transferred genes can create shared traits that do not track the organismal tree.

• Type III secretion systemRelated: Mobile DNA can spread secretion-system genes among bacterial lineages.

• CladeRelated: It can produce reticulate histories that a simple branching clade model cannot capture.

• TrimethoprimRelated: Bacteria can acquire resistance genes encoding trimethoprim-insensitive reductases through gene transfer.

• WolbachiaRelated: Wolbachia DNA has entered host genomes, raising questions about transfer and persistence.

• Antifungal resistanceRelated: Gene transfer can spread resistance determinants among fungi, though its role varies by species.

• AntimicrobialRelated: Microbes can spread genes that confer antimicrobial resistance across lineages.

• Extended-spectrum beta-lactamaseRelated: Transfer of ESBL-bearing plasmids spreads resistance between bacterial strains and species.

• MicrobiologyRelated: It allows microbial traits, including drug resistance, to spread between unrelated cells.

• MycoplasmaRelated: Its role in mycoplasma evolution and resistance varies by species and remains under study.

• ChoanoflagellateRelated: It may explain some genes in choanoflagellates that resemble genes from distant lineages.

• Microbial dark matterRelated: Gene exchange can complicate evolutionary relationships inferred from microbial genomes.

• SAR supergroupRelated: Gene histories can conflict with organismal ancestry, complicating reconstruction of deep eukaryotic relationships.

• AmborellaRelated: Transfers from mosses and algae contributed genes to Amborella’s mitochondrial genome.

• Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetaseRelated: Synthetase genes can provide clues to the evolutionary exchange of translation machinery.

• Three-domain systemRelated: Gene exchange can blur the branching histories that a domain-level tree appears to show.

• Animal evolutionRelated: Its role in animal evolution is limited but remains relevant to interpreting some genes.

• Antibiotic eraRelated: Bacteria can spread resistance genes rapidly across lineages through this process.

• Streptococcus thermophilusRelated: Gene exchange has contributed to traits associated with dairy adaptation in this species.