Linked from

The 33 pages that link to Internment of Japanese Americans, each with the reason it gives.

• Attack on Pearl HarborRelated: The attack intensified suspicion that helped enable mass incarceration.

• Dorothea LangeRelated: Lange’s 1942 photographs documented the removal of Japanese Americans from California.

• Earl WarrenRelated: As California attorney general, Warren supported removal; he later acknowledged the injustice of that position.

• ScapegoatRelated: Wartime suspicion made an ethnic group bear blame without evidence of collective disloyalty.

• ConfiscationRelated: Forced sales and losses of property reveal confiscatory effects of state action beyond formal legal penalties.

• State of exceptionRelated: Wartime claims of necessity enabled mass confinement without individualized proof of disloyalty.

• United States home front during World War IIRelated: The policy starkly contrasts democratic ideals with coercive treatment of civilians.

• Western United StatesRelated: The policy especially affected western communities and exposed racialized wartime exclusion.

• Isamu NoguchiRelated: Noguchi voluntarily entered an Arizona camp in 1942, seeking to contribute to its community.

• Hugo BlackRelated: Black’s Korematsu opinion remains tied to the Court’s validation of wartime racial exclusion.

• World War II in the PacificRelated: Wartime fear and racism produced a major civil-liberties violation far from the battlefield.

• Cordell HullRelated: The incarceration reveals a grave domestic injustice during the wartime administration Hull served.

• American Friends Service CommitteeRelated: The committee provided aid and advocacy for Japanese Americans facing wartime removal and confinement.

• Daniel InouyeRelated: Inouye’s family remained in Hawaii, while many Japanese Americans on the mainland were incarcerated.

• History of ArizonaRelated: Arizona camps such as Poston and Gila River made the state part of this national history.

• Sokei-anRelated: It illuminates the wartime pressures surrounding Japanese teachers and institutions in America.

• Sono OsatoRelated: Osato’s family faced wartime restrictions and financial hardship amid anti-Japanese policies.