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The 154 pages that link to Antimicrobial resistance, each with the reason it gives.

• Water, sanitation and hygieneRelated: Poor sanitation can spread resistant organisms and resistance genes through the environment.

• BroilerRelated: Antimicrobial use in animal production is one concern in resistance management.

• BronchiectasisRelated: Repeated antibiotic courses can select resistant airway bacteria.

• Livestock farmingRelated: Antimicrobial use in animal production can contribute to resistance.

• PharmacotherapyRelated: Inappropriate antimicrobial use can accelerate resistance and reduce future treatment options.

• Prescription drugRelated: Prescription controls can reduce unnecessary antibiotic use, a contributor to resistance.

• Environmental microbiologyRelated: Environmental microbes and pollutants can contribute to the spread of resistance beyond clinical settings.

• Helicobacter pylori eradicationRelated: Resistance to antibiotics such as clarithromycin can make a standard regimen fail.

• Médecins Sans FrontièresRelated: Resistance complicates treatment in settings where MSF cares for patients with severe infections.

• Molecular epidemiologyRelated: Genomic surveillance can identify resistance genes and follow their spread.

• Pneumococcal vaccineRelated: Preventing pneumococcal infections can reduce antibiotic use and the selective pressure it creates.

• Povidone-iodineRelated: Broad antiseptic use raises questions about reduced susceptibility, though resistance differs from antibiotic resistance.

• SalmonellosisRelated: Drug-resistant Salmonella can make severe infections harder to treat.

• Vibrio choleraeRelated: Resistance in V. cholerae can narrow antibiotic options, though rehydration remains the lifesaving priority.

• Agricultural pollutionRelated: Antimicrobial use in livestock can contribute to resistant organisms entering the environment.

• Antibiotic eraRelated: Widespread antibiotic use has selected resistant bacteria, weakening the era’s central medical gains.

• Benzalkonium chlorideRelated: Repeated exposure to benzalkonium chloride can select for reduced susceptibility in some microorganisms.

• Dihydrofolate reductaseRelated: Mutations in microbial enzyme variants can weaken antifolate binding and compromise treatment.

• DysenteryRelated: Resistance in Shigella can make empiric antibiotic treatment unreliable.

• Campylobacter jejuniRelated: Resistance, especially to fluoroquinolones, limits treatment options for C. jejuni infection.

• DapsoneRelated: Mutations affecting folate synthesis can reduce bacterial susceptibility to dapsone.

• Hand sanitizerRelated: Sanitizer use raises questions about selection pressure, though proper alcohol use is not equivalent to antibiotic use.

• Medical tourismRelated: Healthcare exposure abroad can involve resistant organisms that spread across borders.

• Passive immunityRelated: Pathogens can evolve changes that reduce the effectiveness of therapeutic antibodies.

• Pneumonic plagueRelated: Resistance could complicate treatment, although naturally resistant plague strains are rare.

• Potassium sorbateRelated: Some microbes tolerate preservatives, so sorbate does not prevent every spoilage event.

• Ada YonathRelated: Ribosome structures help explain mutations that weaken antibiotic binding.

• CiprofloxacinRelated: Target mutations and drug-efflux changes can reduce ciprofloxacin susceptibility.

• Crystal violetRelated: Crystal violet has antimicrobial activity, but it is not a substitute for treating resistant infections with effective medicines.

• Medical microbiologyRelated: Resistance surveillance shapes both laboratory interpretation and treatment policy.

• NitrofurantoinRelated: Nitrofurantoin resistance remains comparatively uncommon in many settings but can still affect treatment choice.

• Pig farmingRelated: Antimicrobial use in livestock can contribute to resistance and its spread.

• SewageRelated: Sewage can carry resistant bacteria and resistance genes into the environment.

• ThymolRelated: Thymol’s membrane-disrupting action is studied as a possible complement to conventional antimicrobial agents.

• Animal scienceRelated: Antimicrobial use in animal systems is one factor in managing resistance across human, animal, and environmental health.

• CarvacrolRelated: Carvacrol’s distinct membrane effects are studied as a possible complement to conventional antimicrobials.

• Skin infectionRelated: Resistance can make bacterial skin infections harder to treat.

• TriclosanRelated: Mutations in FabI and other adaptations can reduce bacterial susceptibility to triclosan.

• WHO Model List of Essential MedicinesRelated: Antibiotic selections must balance access to treatment with stewardship against resistance.

• Gerhard DomagkRelated: Resistance to sulfonamides emerged as their use expanded after Domagk’s discovery.

• Intensive farmingRelated: Routine antimicrobial use in some livestock systems can select for resistant microorganisms.

• MedicineRelated: Overuse and misuse of antimicrobial medicines can accelerate resistance.

• Staphylococcal infectionRelated: Resistance is a major factor shaping staphylococcal infection treatment.

• TherapeuticsRelated: Inappropriate or excessive antimicrobial use can make future infections harder to treat.

• AntiparasiticRelated: Resistance can make established antiparasitic drugs less effective.

• Diagnostic microbiologyRelated: Detecting resistance reliably and quickly remains essential as resistant pathogens spread.

• Medical scienceRelated: Research tracks resistance and guides effective antimicrobial use.

• Neomycin/polymyxin B/bacitracinRelated: Unnecessary or prolonged antibiotic use can select for resistant bacteria.

• Pathogenic bacteriaRelated: Resistance can make infections caused by pathogenic bacteria harder to treat.

• Pathogenic Escherichia coliRelated: Resistance affects treatment choices for pathogenic E. coli infections, especially outside the gut.