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The 53 pages that link to Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, each with the reason it gives.

• Harry S. TrumanRelated: Truman authorized the attacks while seeking Japan’s surrender and ending the Pacific war.

• Nuclear disarmamentRelated: The attacks made the human consequences of nuclear weapons central to disarmament demands.

• Nuclear arms raceRelated: The bombings demonstrated nuclear weapons' destructive power before the Soviet arsenal emerged.

• Enrico FermiRelated: Fermi’s wartime nuclear research belonged to the scientific enterprise that made these weapons possible.

• Battle of OkinawaRelated: Okinawa’s losses intensified later arguments about the expected cost of invading Japan.

• United States Army Air ForcesRelated: Army Air Forces aircraft carried out the missions that delivered the first wartime atomic bombs.

• HirohitoRelated: They formed part of the crisis preceding Japan’s surrender.

• J. Robert OppenheimerRelated: The weapons Oppenheimer helped develop were used in these attacks, reshaping his views on their consequences.

• Potsdam DeclarationRelated: The bombings followed Japan’s rejection and intensified pressure to accept the declaration.

• Soviet invasion of ManchuriaRelated: The bombings and Soviet entry into the war jointly intensified Japan’s crisis in August 1945.

• Surrender of JapanRelated: The attacks intensified pressure on Japan’s leaders to end the war.

• Trinity testRelated: Trinity validated the plutonium implosion design later used in the bomb dropped on Nagasaki.

• Chester W. NimitzRelated: The bombings occurred during the final phase of the war Nimitz’s forces had helped bring to Japan.

• Oak Ridge National LaboratoryRelated: Oak Ridge’s uranium-enrichment work contributed material for the Hiroshima bomb.

• NagasakiRelated: Nagasaki’s destruction was the second and final wartime use of an atomic bomb.

• Shōwa eraRelated: They preceded Japan’s surrender and the era’s postwar transformation.

• Acute radiation syndromeRelated: Survivor studies helped document acute radiation effects and their longer-term consequences.

• GodzillaRelated: Their devastation informs the film’s images of burns, hospitals, and ruined streets.

• James FranckRelated: The bombings made urgent the ethical and political concerns Franck’s committee had raised.

• Leo SzilardRelated: Szilard opposed using the bomb against Japan without first demonstrating its destructive power.

• Soviet atomic bomb projectRelated: The attacks demonstrated nuclear weapons’ destructive power and accelerated Soviet efforts.

• Japanese EmpireRelated: The bombings preceded Japan’s surrender and the dissolution of its empire.

• Ishirō HondaRelated: Their legacy informs the nuclear imagery and moral unease in Godzilla.

• Hiroshima mon amourRelated: The bombing of Hiroshima forms the historical wound around which the film’s encounter turns.

• Kōichi KidoRelated: The attacks intensified the crisis in which Kido urged an end to the war.

• Pugwash Conferences on Science and World AffairsRelated: The bombings made nuclear weapons’ human consequences an urgent concern for scientists involved in Pugwash.

• World War II in the PacificRelated: They were followed by Japan’s surrender and remain central to debates about the war’s end.

• James B. ConantRelated: Conant participated in wartime discussions and later defended the decision to use the bombs.

• RadiobiologyRelated: Survivor studies became a major source of evidence about long-term radiation effects in humans.

• Henry H. ArnoldRelated: Arnold’s Army Air Forces carried out the missions that brought atomic bombing into warfare.

• Battle of TinianRelated: B-29 missions carrying the atomic bombs departed from Tinian.

• William D. LeahyRelated: Leahy later criticized the bombings and disputed their military necessity.

• Aftermath of World War IIRelated: Their consequences shaped postwar debates about civilian suffering, military necessity, and nuclear weapons.

• Hideo IwakuroRelated: The bombings made the industrial and technological imbalance central to the war’s end.