Linked from

The 68 pages that link to Induced demand, each with the reason it gives.

• Urban planningRelated: It complicates the assumption that adding road capacity solves traffic problems.

• Traffic congestionRelated: Added road capacity may attract trips and eventually restore congestion.

• CommutingRelated: New road capacity may attract additional commute trips and erode congestion relief.

• Congestion pricingRelated: Removing a charge can draw more drivers onto roads and weaken congestion relief over time.

• High-speed railRelated: New fast connections can generate trips as well as shift existing ones between modes.

• Road safetyRelated: Additional traffic can offset expected safety gains from road expansion.

• Bus rapid transitRelated: BRT can attract new passengers, so added capacity may fill as travel patterns change.

• Complete streetsRelated: Street reallocation raises questions about whether reducing driving space changes traffic over time.

• RoadRelated: Adding road capacity can encourage more driving and reduce congestion gains over time.

• Commuter railRelated: New commuter-rail capacity can attract trips and development beyond existing travel patterns.

• InfrastructureRelated: New transport capacity can generate additional traffic rather than permanently easing congestion.

• Urban designRelated: Street design that prioritizes driving can generate more vehicle travel.

• BridgeRelated: A new road bridge can attract trips and traffic beyond the route it replaced.

• Light railRelated: New light-rail service can attract trips that were previously made by other modes or not made.

• Low-cost carrierRelated: Affordable fares can create new air travel rather than merely redirect existing passengers.

• Road networkRelated: Adding road capacity can generate additional trips and alter network use.

• Road transportRelated: New road capacity may attract additional trips, complicating congestion-relief forecasts.

• Urban rail transitRelated: New rail capacity can attract trips that would not otherwise have been made or made by rail.

• Interstate Highway SystemRelated: Added Interstate capacity can attract trips and development, changing traffic over time.

• Planned cityRelated: Road-focused plans can generate more driving than their new capacity was meant to accommodate.

• Automobile dependenceRelated: Road expansion can encourage additional driving and strengthen reliance on automobiles.

• Rapid transitRelated: New rapid-transit capacity can attract trips that were previously made by other modes or not made at all.

• Traffic flowRelated: Added road capacity can attract trips and alter the flow it was meant to improve.

• Suburbanization in the United StatesRelated: Highway expansion enabled suburban commuting while raising questions about lasting congestion and land consumption.

• Toll roadRelated: Toll prices can moderate, but do not automatically eliminate, traffic growth.

• Transport emissionsRelated: New roads can generate additional driving that erodes projected emissions savings.

• Transportation networkRelated: New network capacity can attract journeys that partly offset congestion relief.

• Car DependencyRelated: Road expansion can encourage more driving and sustain car-oriented development.

• Modal shiftRelated: Road expansion can attract trips that counteract a shift away from driving.

• Traffic engineeringRelated: It complicates the assumption that adding road capacity permanently relieves congestion.

• Transportation planningRelated: New road capacity can create travel that forecasts based on fixed demand miss.

• Vehicle miles traveledRelated: Added road capacity can raise VMT as travelers change routes, times, or destinations.

• Speed limitRelated: Faster travel can alter route and mode choices, changing traffic volumes over time.

• Urban infrastructureRelated: Expanding roads can generate traffic that erodes congestion relief.

• Passenger rail transportRelated: New rail capacity can attract trips and alter where people choose to live or work.

• Pedestrian zoneRelated: Traffic displaced from a zone may shift to nearby streets or prompt different travel choices.

• Compact cityRelated: Compact development can shift travel patterns, but road capacity still shapes driving.

• Personal rapid transitRelated: Convenient PRT service could generate additional trips rather than merely replace existing ones.

• Transit equityRelated: New transit service can attract trips and change land use, affecting the distribution of benefits over time.

• Commuter townRelated: Road expansion can attract additional commuting and restore congestion.

• Highway engineeringRelated: Added highway capacity can generate trips that reduce expected congestion relief.

• HighwayRelated: More highway capacity can attract trips that partly refill the added space.

• Private transportRelated: Expanded road capacity may prompt more private driving and weaken congestion relief.

• Shared-use pathRelated: New routes can generate additional walking and cycling trips as well as reroute existing ones.

• Transportation engineeringRelated: Road expansion can attract additional trips, changing long-term congestion outcomes.

• Bike laneRelated: A more usable cycling route can attract trips that previously used other modes or were not made.

• Controlled-access highwayRelated: Added highway capacity can attract trips and eventually increase congestion.

• Land transportRelated: Adding road capacity can prompt more driving and congestion over time.

• Namma MetroRelated: Improved metro access can change how often and where people travel.

• Intercontinental and transoceanic fixed linksRelated: A new crossing can generate traffic beyond the journeys it initially appears to accommodate.