Linked from

The 31 pages that link to War in Afghanistan (2001–2021), each with the reason it gives.

• CounterinsurgencyBroader topic: The campaign showed how military gains could fail to produce durable political legitimacy.

• George W. BushRelated: Bush launched the invasion after the Taliban refused to hand over al-Qaeda leaders.

• AfghanistanBroader topic: The war ended with the Islamic Republic’s collapse and the Taliban’s return to power.

• War on TerrorBroader topic: It became the campaign’s longest war and ended with the collapse of the U.S.-backed Afghan government.

• Osama bin LadenRelated: The invasion aimed partly to destroy al-Qaeda’s sanctuary and capture its leader.

• Afghan refugeesRelated: The long conflict displaced civilians and shaped refugee movements for two decades.

• Guantánamo Bay detention campRelated: Many early Guantánamo detainees were captured during the U.S.-led campaign in Afghanistan.

• Fall of Kabul (2021)Related: The war ended in practice when the Taliban took Kabul and foreign forces withdrew.

• Afghan Civil WarCompared with: It followed the civil war's Taliban victory and involved a US-led international military campaign.

• Islamic Emirate of AfghanistanNarrower topic: The war shaped the political conditions for the emirate's restoration.

• Operation Enduring FreedomNarrower topic: The initial operation became the opening phase of this longer war.

• Afghan diasporaRelated: The war produced new refugee movements and migration by people connected to foreign forces and institutions.

• Mullah OmarNarrower topic: After Omar’s government fell, he led the Taliban insurgency against foreign and Afghan forces.

• Taliban insurgencyNarrower topic: The Taliban insurgency was the central armed challenge within this wider war.

• Donald RumsfeldBroader topic: Rumsfeld directed the Pentagon during the invasion and its early aftermath.

• The Afghanistan PapersNarrower topic: The papers became a major record of the conflict’s aims, conduct, and perceived progress.

• Northern AllianceRelated: Alliance forces helped overthrow the Taliban government at the war’s outset.

• Islamic Republic of AfghanistanRelated: The republic’s institutions developed and ultimately fell amid this prolonged war.

• Bush DoctrineBroader topic: The initial invasion followed the September 11 attacks and targeted al-Qaeda and the Taliban government.

• 2000sBroader topic: It became the decade’s longest-running major military intervention.

• 2021 Taliban offensiveNarrower topic: The offensive was the concluding military phase of this two-decade war.

• David PetraeusRelated: Petraeus commanded U.S. and NATO forces there from 2010 to 2011.

• 2015 European migrant crisisRelated: Conflict and insecurity contributed to Afghan arrivals, one of the crisis's largest national groups.

• Lindsey GrahamRelated: Graham consistently supported a sustained U.S. military role in Afghanistan.

• Afghan conflictBroader topic: This phase connected the global response to September 11 with Afghanistan’s final republican government.

• Insurgency in Khyber PakhtunkhwaRelated: The war reshaped militant networks and cross-border dynamics affecting Pakistan’s northwest.

• Killing of Osama bin LadenRelated: The war began as the United States sought al-Qaeda and its leadership.

• Operation MoshtarakNarrower topic: The offensive was one campaign in the wider war against the Taliban insurgency.

• Pete HegsethRelated: Hegseth’s military service included deployment to Afghanistan.

• TaloqanRelated: Its military and political changes affected governance and security in Taloqan.

• Wolf BlitzerRelated: Blitzer reported from Afghanistan during the early years of the conflict.