Linked from

The 160 pages that link to Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, each with the reason it gives.

• Francis CrickNarrower topic: Crick, Watson, and Wilkins received the 1962 prize for discoveries concerning DNA’s molecular structure.

• Rockefeller Institute for Medical ResearchNarrower topic: Researchers affiliated with the institute have received numerous prizes in this category.

• Albert Szent-GyörgyiNarrower topic: The 1937 award recognized his discoveries concerning biological combustion, especially vitamin C and fumaric acid.

• Bernardo HoussayNarrower topic: The 1947 award recognized Houssay’s discoveries concerning pituitary hormones and carbohydrate metabolism.

• Luc MontagnierNarrower topic: The 2008 award placed the HIV discovery among Nobel-recognized medical breakthroughs.

• David BaltimoreNarrower topic: Baltimore received the 1975 prize for discoveries about tumor viruses and genetic material.

• Elizabeth BlackburnNarrower topic: The 2009 prize recognized Blackburn, Greider, and Szostak for telomere and telomerase discoveries.

• Svante PääboNarrower topic: Pääbo received the 2022 prize for discoveries concerning extinct hominin genomes and human evolution.

• Christian de DuveNarrower topic: The 1974 award recognized de Duve’s discoveries concerning cell organization.

• Frederick BantingNarrower topic: The 1923 award recognized Banting and Macleod, while Best and Collip received no share.

• George BeadleNarrower topic: Beadle received its 1958 prize alongside Tatum and Lederberg.

• Martin EvansNarrower topic: The 2007 award placed Evans's work within the history of biomedical research.

• August KroghNarrower topic: Krogh received the 1920 prize for his work on capillary regulation.

• Edward Calvin KendallNarrower topic: Kendall shared the 1950 prize for discoveries concerning adrenal cortex hormones.

• Richard AxelNarrower topic: The 2004 prize recognized Axel and Buck’s discoveries about odorant receptors and olfactory organization.

• Robert W. HolleyNarrower topic: Holley’s 1968 award recognized the significance of deciphering transfer RNA’s structure and function.

• Roger GuilleminNarrower topic: Guillemin’s 1977 award places his work within the prize’s history of biomedical discoveries.

• Stanley B. PrusinerNarrower topic: The 1997 prize recognized Prusiner’s discovery of prions.

• Baruj BenacerrafNarrower topic: The 1980 award recognized Benacerraf, Dausset, and Snell for discoveries about immune-genetic structures.

• Charles Louis Alphonse LaveranNarrower topic: Laveran received the 1907 prize for discovering disease-causing protozoan parasites.

• Edgar AdrianNarrower topic: The 1932 award honored Adrian and Sherrington for discoveries about the functions of neurons.

• Harvey J. AlterNarrower topic: Alter shared the 2020 prize with Houghton and Rice for discovering hepatitis C virus.

• Hermann Joseph MullerNarrower topic: Muller received the 1946 prize for discovering that mutations can be induced by X-rays.

• Jack W. SzostakNarrower topic: Szostak shared its 2009 award for discoveries about telomeres and telomerase.

• Severo OchoaNarrower topic: The 1959 award recognized Ochoa and Kornberg for discoveries concerning biological nucleic-acid synthesis.

• Susumu TonegawaNarrower topic: Tonegawa received the 1987 prize for discovering the genetic principle behind antibody diversity.

• Allan MacLeod CormackNarrower topic: Cormack received this award for work whose mathematical origins lay outside conventional clinical research.

• Allvar GullstrandNarrower topic: Gullstrand’s 1911 award placed optical research within this broader scientific honor.

• Charles NicolleNarrower topic: Nicolle received the 1928 prize for his work on epidemic typhus.

• Daniel Carleton GajdusekNarrower topic: Gajdusek received the 1976 award jointly with Baruch S. Blumberg.

• Edward Adelbert DoisyNarrower topic: The 1943 award recognized Doisy and Dam’s work on vitamin K.

• George MinotNarrower topic: The 1934 prize recognized the work that made Minot’s name internationally known.

• Gertrude B. ElionNarrower topic: Elion shared the 1988 award with George H. Hitchings and James W. Black.

• Henrik DamNarrower topic: Dam and Edward Adelbert Doisy received the 1943 award for work on vitamin K.

• Henry Hallett DaleNarrower topic: Dale received the 1936 prize jointly with Otto Loewi.

• Jacques MonodNarrower topic: Its 1965 award recognized Monod, Jacob, and Lwoff for discoveries about genetic control.

• John MacleodNarrower topic: The 1923 award named Macleod and Banting as recipients for the discovery of insulin.

• Linda B. BuckNarrower topic: Buck’s 2004 award recognized the receptor discoveries made with Axel.

• Macfarlane BurnetNarrower topic: Burnet received the 1960 award jointly with Peter Medawar for acquired immunological tolerance.

• Marshall Warren NirenbergNarrower topic: Nirenberg’s 1968 award marked the genetic code’s significance to biomedical science.

• Ralph M. SteinmanNarrower topic: Steinman’s 2011 award placed his discovery among research recognized for transforming biomedical understanding.

• Rosalyn Sussman YalowNarrower topic: Yalow received the 1977 prize for developing radioimmunoassay.

• Werner ArberNarrower topic: Arber’s award places his discovery among work recognized for reshaping biological understanding.

• William P. MurphyNarrower topic: Murphy received this award jointly in 1934 for liver therapy research.

• Archibald HillNarrower topic: Hill received the 1922 award jointly with Otto Meyerhof for research on muscle metabolism.

• Emil Theodor KocherNarrower topic: Kocher received the 1909 prize for work on thyroid physiology, pathology, and surgery.

• Ragnar GranitNarrower topic: Granit shared its 1967 award with Hartline and Wald for discoveries concerning the eye’s sensory mechanisms.

• Róbert BárányNarrower topic: Bárány received the 1914 prize for his work on the vestibular apparatus.

• Stanley Cohen (biochemist)Narrower topic: Cohen received this prize jointly with Rita Levi-Montalcini in 1986.

• Thomas C. SüdhofNarrower topic: Südhof received the 2013 prize jointly with James Rothman and Randy Schekman.