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The 169 pages that link to Napoleon Bonaparte, each with the reason it gives.

• Treaty of AmiensRelated: As First Consul, he directed France’s negotiations and sought a pause in European war.

• Alessandro VoltaRelated: Napoleon sponsored Volta’s demonstrations in Paris and supported his scientific standing.

• CorsicaRelated: He was born in Ajaccio in 1769, soon after France took control of Corsica.

• First French EmpireRelated: His transformation from general to emperor gave the state its defining ruler.

• French nationalismRelated: His conquests spread revolutionary institutions while provoking national resistance across Europe.

• Grande ArméeRelated: Napoleon commanded the army and shaped its campaigns, organization, and imperial purpose.

• Helvetic RepublicRelated: He ended the republic’s instability by imposing the Act of Mediation.

• Jean-Jacques DessalinesRelated: He ordered the expedition that sought to restore French control over Saint-Domingue.

• Paul BarrasRelated: Barras backed Napoleon’s rise and helped secure his appointment to command the Army of Italy.

• Treaty of LunévilleRelated: As First Consul, he directed France's military pressure and peace policy.

• Concordat of 1801Related: He sought religious reconciliation as a means of consolidating his rule.

• Holy Roman EmperorCompared with: His creation of the Confederation of the Rhine helped bring the old imperial title to an end.

• Mikhail KutuzovCompared with: Kutuzov’s strategy opposed Napoleon’s effort to force a decisive Russian defeat.

• Treaty of Fontainebleau (1807)Related: He used the agreement to extend French military control into the Iberian Peninsula.

• War of the Third CoalitionRelated: His territorial ambitions were the central object of coalition opposition.

• French Revolutionary ArmyRelated: His early campaigns drew on revolutionary soldiers and military reforms.

• Gebhard Leberecht von BlücherRelated: Blücher repeatedly opposed Napoleon, including in the campaigns of 1813 and 1815.

• Great man theoryBroader topic: His rise and reforms invite debate over how much one leader can change institutions and states.

• Lazare CarnotRelated: Carnot later served Napoleon as minister of war and briefly opposed his return in 1815.

• Act of MediationRelated: He imposed the settlement after mediating among competing Swiss factions.

• Bayonne AbdicationsRelated: He engineered the transfers and used them to install his brother in Spain.

• Ferdinand de LessepsRelated: Lesseps inherited plans linked to Napoleon’s earlier, unsuccessful exploration of a canal across Panama.

• French DirectoryRelated: His coup ended the Directory and replaced it with the Consulate.

• Napoleonic eraBroader topic: His career and rule give the era its defining figure.

• Treaty of Fontainebleau (1814)Broader topic: His fate and sovereignty over Elba were the agreement’s central subjects.

• Abolition of slavery in FranceRelated: His government reversed the 1794 policy in colonies where it could reimpose slavery.

• Emmanuel Joseph SieyèsRelated: Bonaparte partnered with Sieyès in the coup, then displaced his planned political arrangement.

• French Legion of HonourRelated: As First Consul, he founded the Legion of Honour in 1802.

• Gaspard MongeRelated: Monge joined Napoleon’s Egyptian expedition and maintained a close political association with him.

• Joseph FouchéRelated: Fouché served as Napoleon’s police minister, though their relationship mixed cooperation with mutual suspicion.

• Pope Pius VIICompared with: Napoleon was Pius VII’s chief political adversary over church appointments, territory, and authority.

• Rigas FeraiosRelated: Rigas sought French support for Balkan liberation during Napoleon’s Italian campaign.

• Treaty of SchönbrunnRelated: His victory determined the treaty’s terms.

• Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-PérigordRelated: Talleyrand served as Napoleon’s foreign minister before breaking with his expansionist policies.

• Collège de FranceRelated: His regime restored the institution after revolutionary disruption and preserved its role in higher learning.

• Georges-Eugène HaussmannCompared with: Haussmann served Napoleon III, whose urban ambitions drew on but differed from his uncle’s legacy.

• Horatio NelsonCompared with: Nelson’s naval victories repeatedly obstructed Napoleon’s plans for power overseas.

• Michel NeyRelated: Ney served Napoleon across campaigns and returned to his command during the Hundred Days.

• Milan CathedralRelated: He ordered the façade’s completion for his coronation as King of Italy in Milan in 1805.

• The Third of May 1808Related: Napoleon’s intervention in Spain brought French troops into Madrid and helped ignite revolt.

• War of the Second CoalitionRelated: His Italian campaign helped reverse French fortunes against Austria.

• Battle of MarengoRelated: He commanded the French army and used the victory to reinforce his authority.

• Battle of WagramRelated: He commanded the French forces and committed reserves as the battle threatened his center.

• Cisalpine RepublicRelated: As commander of the French army in Italy, he helped establish and shape the republic.

• Claude Louis BertholletRelated: Berthollet joined Napoleon’s scientific expedition to Egypt and later served in state institutions.

• Joséphine de BeauharnaisRelated: Their marriage made Joséphine empress and tied her fortunes to Napoleon’s rise.

• MainzRelated: Napoleonic rule transformed Mainz’s status and fortifications during the French period.

• StendhalRelated: Beyle admired Napoleon and served the regime whose rise and fall shaped his generation.

• War of the Fifth CoalitionRelated: He commanded the French response and negotiated the peace after Wagram.

• André MassénaRelated: Napoleon made Masséna a marshal and entrusted him with major independent commands.